Skip to main content

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MIT AND LESSONS FOR WELSH UNIVERSITIES

As discussed in this column back in October, Wales has become a member of the Regional Entrepreneurship Acceleration Programme (REAP), which is being led by one of the top universities in the World, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the USA.

But why would a group from Wales and a range of other countries want to work with academics to develop a more enterprising approach to economic development?

Part of the answer lies in a report that examines the economic impact of MIT’s alumni.

It shows that the university’s graduates launched 30,200 active companies, employing roughly 4.6 million people and currently generating annual revenues of around £1.3 trillion. In fact, if MIT was a country, it would be the ninth most successful in the world between Russia and India.

But the report also shows that this trend is accelerating with more and more graduates from MIT (and who could probably secure a job in any organisation in the World) taking the leap to start their own company. For example, whilst around 12,000 companies had been launched in the last decade, 9,000 have been created since 2010 and within five years, there could be 18 companies formed per 100 alumni.

But what is interesting is the type of entrepreneurship that is happening and how it contributes to a vibrant ecosystem that encourages greater enterprise.

Whilst 25% have engaged in some sort of new company formation, more than 40% can be labelled as “serial entrepreneurs” i.e. founding two or more companies.

These are important in that such individuals create and grow their businesses and then use that experience gained to develop other new ideas and ventures.

They also, in many cases, mentor others to do the same and therefore bring their experience to bear on new firms as well provide seed funding for businesses. Indeed, 16 per cent of alumni have invested in new companies that they did not found whilst a similar proportion have participated in crowdfunding to support the invention of a new product or service.

And it would seem that most are remaining owners of their firms with only 2% of MIT alumni companies in this survey experiencing an IPO while 8% were bought out through an acquisition.
Given this, it is not surprising that the start-ups emerging from MIT are sustainable in the long term with 70% surviving 10 years, double that of the average American business.

What is interesting is that the average age of founders is decreasing as those graduates from MIT takes the plunge into enterprise earlier. For example, the median age for alumni who graduated from MIT in the 1940s was 39 years of age whilst today, it is 27 years of age. This is probably due to the changing environment for entrepreneurship with individuals now finding it easier access to capital combined with the declining costs of starting a new business.

MIT also notes that over the last decade, more and more students are enrolling, from all academic disciplines, in its entrepreneurship classes and taking part in business class competitions.
Indeed, as the report notes, the great recession of 2008-9 has led to many young people questioning traditional employment and occupations and with more becoming more interested in working for themselves and the enjoying the flexible lifestyle it promises, entrepreneurship has become a potentially more appealing career choice

So what lessons are there for Wales, and Welsh universities, from this experience?

Certainly, the formation of the MIT Entrepreneurship Center in 1990 helped to create an overall strategic approach which increased educational opportunities for students and established a cadre of academic and practitioner faculty to drive this mission forward.

As a result, more students and staff have become interested in participating in entrepreneurship and innovation with, as this report has demonstrated, real impact on the economy,

Wouldn’t it great if every university in Wales was to do the same?

Indeed, creating an environment in which talented young people can develop their ideas should be a major strategic imperative and it is time that Welsh higher education ensures that there is a strategic institutional focus which, as we have seen at MIT, encourages and stimulates entrepreneurship with real outcomes in wealth creation, innovation and employment.

Popular posts from this blog

THE CRACHACH

Unlike me, do you consider yourself part of 'the establishment' here in Wales?  As thousands gather for the Eisteddfod in Mold this morning, they will, according to some social commentators, not be participating in the greatest cultural festivals of Europe. Instead, they will merely be bit-part players in one of the annual gatherings of the great and good of Wales.  Unkindly, this set of the movers and shakers in Welsh society is known as 'the crachach' , and constitute a social class all of their own, dominating the educational, cultural and media sectors of Wales and allegedly looking down upon any outsider with new ideas, reinforcing mediocrity and failing to see beyond the limits of their own narrow experience.  They are said to live in a comfort zone that awaits the expected invitation to the next glass of chilled chardonnay and canapés, forgetting that due to their lack of leadership and drive, Wales remains firmly rooted to the bottom of the UK prosperity league ...

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CREATIVE CLASSES

One of my favourite academic books of the last two decades must be the “Rise of the Creative Classes” by Professor Richard Florida.  This was one of the first detailed studies of the growing group of individuals who use their creativity and mental labour to earn a living and not only included those in arts and entertainment, but also people working in science and technology as well as knowledge-based professions such as healthcare, law, business, and finance.  Fast forward to 2022 and Professor Florida has written an updated report on the creative classes although he and his team now identify a different type of individual who is taking full advantage of the growth in digital platforms, social media, and online marketplaces.  Such ‘creators’ are defined as those who use digital technology to make and publish unique creative content, whether in the form of video, film, art, music, design, text, games, or any other media that audiences can access and respond to.  They ...

GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MONITOR WALES 2022

How entrepreneurial is Wales? That is the question that the latest Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) attempts to answer in its latest report which investigates those involved in early-stage entrepreneurship i.e. starting and managing a new business.  This year’s results show that the rate of total early-stage entrepreneurship (TEA) in Wales in 2021 was 10.3% as compared to 11.5% for the UK. This is significantly higher than the previous year (6.5%) and means that around 192,000 adults aged between 18 and 64 are involved in entrepreneurial activity in Wales.  Nearly three quarters are in the very early stages of starting a business and the rest involved in managing a new business aged between 4 and 42 months old.  This is an important finding as not only is the overall rate of entrepreneurial activity in Wales increasing but this is largely accounted for by those starting a business. In this respect, it is critical that the right support mechanisms are in place to ensu...